Disinformation Intervention Model
DIM

Disinformation adapts. Consequences evolve. Paradigms shift. Next-generation interventions emerge.

The problem with interventions

Gullible individuals do exist; they are exceptions not examples

There are no identical patterns

No Disinformation Campaign is created equal. Campaigns differ over time, spatially, and tactically. Actors, target groups, and methods change. So, the dynamic context is crucially important.

There are no silver bullets

The Five Generations

From fact-checking to interactivism

1
Since 2014
Information campaigns
Problem
Foreign interference
Deficit Model
Education
Generation
Gen 1
Citizens need access to proper information and new skills to distinguish false narratives from true narratives.
2
Since 2014
Fact-checking
Problem
Truth decay
Deficit Model
Verified information
Generation
Gen 2
Once everyone has access to the relevant facts constructive debates become possible because polarization disappears.
3
Since 2016
Prebunking
Problem
Manipulation of domestic vulnerabilities
Deficit Model
Rationality
Generation
Gen 3
By letting potential receivers experience how disinformation is created and spread, they are getting inoculated.
4
Since 2018
(Self-)Censorship
Problem
Foreign and domestic demagogues amplified by domestic spreaders
Deficit Model
Gatekeeping
Generation
Gen 4
By restricting and sanctioning the transmission of disinformation its reach and effect is diminished.
5
Since 2022
Group communication
Problem
Societal alienation
Deficit Model
Social interactions
Generation
Gen 5
People change their minds mainly by interacting with other people. Under the right conditions, others can help us find errors in our beliefs, as we can help others find errors in theirs.

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